My father lay with my mother by a river. Less than a year later, she gave to him me and my twin brother. Then she left. They say she was Modron, a mother goddess our people worshipped long ago. If she was a mother goddess, why was she not a mother to me?

In many King Arthur legends, the knight Ywain is the son of Morgan le Fey. However, his Welsh equivalent (Owain) is the son of Modron, a mysterious supernatural being assumed by many to have originally been a pagan Celtic mother goddess, as her name means "Mother."
Howard Pyle

In the Middle Ages, many people believed the classical philosophers and poets had been so wise that they must have mastered magic. Welsh sorcerers such as Ceridwen consulted the books of Aristotle and Virgil to learn how to cast their spells.
John Waterhouse

The most enigmatic Welsh monster is the gwyllion (the "twilight wanderer"). Some say it's a fairy hag who leads travelers astray, others say that it's a ghost or a wandering lunatic. Merlin learned prophecy from gwyllions he met as he himself wandered insane in the forest.
T. H. Thomas

The only appearance of a unicorn in a medieval Welsh legend is a surprisingly savage creature that attacks any human it finds and drinks lakes dry, killing all the fish. Peredur (the Welsh Sir Percival) slays the unicorn, but then discovers it's the pet of a fairy lady.

In Welsh legends, the fastest of King Arthur's knights were the brothers Henwas and Henbedestyr. Both were quicker than any horse. Their brother Sgilti Light-Foot's footsteps were so light, branches didn't break under him. Even grass didn't bend under his feet.
Gustave Dore

When a strange light is seen at night in the Welsh wilderness, often it's a pwca's candle. These black-furred goblins love to play nasty tricks. Sometimes pwcas turn into animals (such as horses), other times they use their candles to lead travelers into bogs or off cliffs.
Huw Aaron

One of the most beautiful women in Welsh folklore was Princess Olwen, daughter of Ysbaddaden, king of the giants. Her hair was yellower than the broom plant, and gorgeous white flowers sprung up in her footprints. King Arthur helped Prince Culhwch woo Olwen.
Alan Lee

Next to prophecy, Merlin's defining magic was shapeshifting. According to legend, he could transform himself into virtually anyone - young or old, man or woman. It was often hard to know if you were dealing with the person you thought or Merlin in disguise.
Alan Lee

Going down the rabbit hole about the Welsh Triads. Organizing random mythical things in threes is one of the most delightful storytelling systems I know.

In some Welsh legends, the little fairies eat poisonous mushrooms and a "fairy butter" found in the crevices of limestone rocks. Fey illusions make the food's appearance and taste more appetizing. More charmingly, fairy gloves are made from foxglove flowers.

In Welsh folklore, King Rhitta was a giant who fashioned a huge cloak out of the beards of all the kings he conquered. When King Arthur received a message from King Rhitta demanding Arthur's beard to patch the cloak, Arthur dueled the giant and forced Rhitta to shave his own beard.
Walter Crane

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In Welsh folklore, when King Arthur attacked the first sister of the giant Cribwr, he said his name was "Hot Porridge." When the giantess screamed that she needed help with Hot Porridge, her brother called back from another room that she should just let it cool.
Jim Kavanagh

Every May 1 until Judgement Day, the Welsh hero Gwythyr battles Gwyn ap Nudd (king of the dead) for Creiddylad (Gwythyr's kidnapped fiancée). As May 1 is the first day of the Celtic summer, many scholars interpret this as a conflict between summer and winter.

In Welsh legends, the warrior Iddawc was so eager to witness war and slaughter that when delivering messages between King Arthur and Mordred, he made them as insulting as possible. This destroyed any chance for peace, and thus Arthur and Mordred killed each other.
Gino D’Achille

In Welsh myths, when the people of northern Wales offended the fairies, the fairies unleashed an army of monsters. It included a huge toad with sharp claws, a serpent with 100 damned souls writhing under its skin, and a 100-headed monster so huge battles could be fought on its jaws.
Jason Kang

In Welsh folklore, the Witches of Caer Lloyw are "maiden hags" skilled in both witchcraft and warfare. They teach combat skills to the Arthurian knight Peredur (the Welsh version of Sir Percival). However, when he discovers that the witches had tormented his relatives, Peredur takes revenge.
Jérôme Lereculey

Owain ap Urien was a 6th-century Brythonic Celtic king who became mythologized as one of King Arthur's champions. In French Arthurian legends, Owain is the son of Morgan le Fey. However, in Welsh legends, he is the son of Modron ("Mother," a fairy mother goddess).
Howard Pyle

In Welsh myths, the giant British king Bran the Blessed was killed in Ireland, and his huge head was carried home. Back in Britain, the head was buried where the Tower of London now stands. As long as the head is there, Britain can't be invaded, but some say King Arthur dug it up.
Peter Diamond

In Welsh myths, the woman Blodeuwedd ("Flower-Faced") was created from the flowers of the broom, meadowsweet, and oak by the wizard Gwydion to marry his ward Lleu. However, Blodeuwedd fell in love with Gronw, and so tried to murder Lleu. So Gwydion turned her into the first owl.
Yuri Leitch