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#highways

0 posts0 participants0 posts today
Continued thread
Public
DoomsdaysCW

State by State Pending and recently passed #AntiProtestLaws: #Tennessee

SB 2570 / HB 2031: Heightened penalties for #protesters who block #streets and #highways

Significantly increases the penalty for knowingly or recklessly obstructing a street, highway, “or other place used for the passage of vehicles or conveyances.” Instead of a Class A misdemeanor, as provided by prior law, the offense is now a Class D felony punishable by at least 2 and up to 12 years in prison and a $5,000 fine. As written, the law's felony offense can cover protesters who block a street or make passage "unreasonably inconvenient" even if there are no cars on it. The felony offense can also seemingly apply to protesters who block a driveway or alley, even temporarily. The law also creates a new civil cause of action, such that anyone who knowingly or recklessly blocks a street can additionally be sued for civil damages.

Full text of bill:
wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillI

Status: enacted

Introduced 23 Jan 2024; Approved by Senate 23 April 2024; Approved by House 23 April 2024; Signed by Governor Lee 9 May 2024

Issue(s): Civil Liability, Traffic Interference

SB 451 / HB 881: Mandatory penalties for expanded aggravated riot offense

Expands the definition of "aggravated riot" and creates new mandatory minimum penalties for that offense. To be convicted of "riot" under Tennessee law, a person only needs to knowingly gather with two or more people whose tumultuous and violent conduct creates "grave danger of substantial damage to property or serious bodily injury to persons or substantially obstructs law enforcement or other governmental function." For instance, one could be held guilty of riot for merely joining a large protest in which there is isolated pushing, even if no one is injured. Under preexisting law, a person could be held liable for aggravated riot if they participated in a riot where someone was injured or substantial property damage occurred, even if the person did not commit any violence nor intended violence to occur. Under the law, a person may also be guilty of aggravated riot if they participated in a riot and either participated in exchange for compensation or "traveled from outside the state with the intent to commit a criminal offense." A "criminal offense" could include, for example, temporarily blocking a street as part of a protest. "Aggravated riot" is a Class E felony, which is punishable by up to 6 years in jail and a fine of $3,000; the law also introduces a mandatory minimum of at least 45 days of imprisonment.

Full text of bill:
wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillI

Status: enacted

Introduced 8 Feb 2021; Approved by Senate 11 March 2021; Approved by House 28 April 2021; Signed by Governor 13 May 2021

Issue(s): Riot

HB 8005/SB 8005: Heightened Penalties for "Inconvenient" Protests and #ProtestCamps on State Property

The law heightens penalties for certain offenses that could encompass conduct by peaceful protesters. The law heightens existing criminal penalties for blocking a street, sidewalk, or "any other place used for the passage of persons, vehicles or conveyances" from a Class C to a Class A misdemeanor. Accordingly, protesters who obstruct or make it "unreasonably inconvenient" to use a street or sidewalk could face up to one year in jail. The law likewise heightens penalties for the existing offense of "obstructing" or "interfering with" a lawful meeting, procession, or gathering, from a Class B to Class A misdemeanor. Protesters who intentionally "interfere with" a meeting of the legislature or other government officials, including by staging a loud protest, could therefore face up to one year in jail. The law also targets protest encampments on the grounds of the Capitol and other areas by broadening the definition of "camping," and heightening penalties for camping on state property. As such, protesters who use or place any "piece of furniture," shelter, or structure on state property could be charged with a Class E felony, if they continue to do so 24 hours after receiving a warning. The offense would be punishable by up to six years in prison, a fine of $3,000, and restitution for any property damage. The law also amends Tennessee provisions on "riot," (which is defined broadly), including by requiring those convicted of "inciting" or "urging" a riot to pay restitution for any property damage incurred by the offense. When it was introduced, the legislation authorized the Tennessee Attorney General to intervene and prosecute offenses where there has been damage to state property, including those arising in the context of peaceful protests, if the district attorney declined to do so; however those provisions were removed prior to the law's enactment, and replaced with a requirement that district attorneys produce a report on such offenses and how they were dealt with.

Full text of bill:
wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillI

Status: enacted

Introduced 7 Aug 2020; Approved by House and Senate 12 August 2020; Signed by Governor Lee 20 August 2020

Issue(s): Protest Supporters or Funders, Riot, #TrafficInterference #Camping

SB 264: New penalties for protests near gas and oil pipelines

Creates new potential penalties for protests and demonstrations that "interrupt" or "interfere with" a pipeline or pipeline construction site. The law makes it a Class E felony for an individual to knowingly "destroy, injure, interrupt or interfere with" a #pipeline, pipeline facility, or related infrastructure, including if it is under construction. The offense is a Class E felony, punishable by up to six years in prison and a $3,000 fine. As introduced, the law provided that an individual or organization that causes or "aids" damage or interference would likewise be guilty of a Class E felony, however these provisions were amended out prior to the law's passage.

Full text of bill:
wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillI

Status: enacted

Introduced 29 Jan 2019; Approved by Senate 18 Feb 2019; Approved by House 30 April 2019; Signed by Governor Lee 10 May 2019

Issue(s): #ProtestSupporters or Funders, #Infrastructure

SB 0902: New penalties for protesters who block traffic

Imposes a new fine on any person who intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly obstructs a public highway or street "including in the course of a protest" and in doing so interferes with an emergency vehicle's access to or through the highway or street. "Emergency vehicle" is broadly defined as "any vehicle of a governmental department or public service corporation when responding to an emergency," a police or fire department vehicle, or an ambulance. Unlawful obstruction of a street or highway was already a Class C misdemeanor subject to up to 30 days in jail; the law adds a $200 fine to the penalty. Sponsors made clear that the law was aimed at protests that obstructed highways.

Full text of bill:
legiscan.com/TN/text/SB0902/20

Status: enacted

Introduced 9 Feb 2017; Governor Haslam signed into law 12 April 2017

Issue(s): #TrafficInterference

SB 672 / HB 729: Felony penalties for blocking traffic or pedestrians

Would significantly increase the penalty for “obstructing” streets, sidewalks, and other public passageways, such that demonstrators in a variety of public locations could face felony charges. Current Tennessee law prohibits intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly blocking or making passage “unreasonably inconvenient” on public streets, sidewalks, elevators, aisles, or “any other place” used for passage of people or vehicles. Under the bill, that offense would be a Class E felony, punishable by up to six years in prison, rather than a misdemeanor. As such, demonstrators in a protest that made it “unreasonably inconvenient” for someone to use a sidewalk or access a public building could be arrested and charged with a felony. If protesters blocked or impeded passage on a highway, it would be a Class D felony, punishable by up to 12 years in prison.

Full text of bill:
wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillI

Status: pending

Introduced 31 Jan 2025.

Issue(s): Traffic Interference

#FirstAmendment #CriminalizingDissent
#Authoritarianism #Fascism #Clampdown #CriminalizingProtest
#CharacteristicsOfFascism #USPol #AntiProtestLaws #SlowMarch #PipelineProtests

wapp.capitol.tn.govTennessee General Assembly Legislation
Continued thread
Public
Nonilex

#LeeZeldin’s move effectively ends 3 decades of work at the #EPA to try to ease the #pollution that burdens #poor & #minority communities, which are frequently located near #highways, #PowerPlants, #industrial plants & other polluting facilities. Studies have shown that people who live in those #communities have higher rates of #asthma, #HeartDisease & other #health problems, compared w/the national average.

#law#EnvironmentalJustice#PublicHealth
Public
John Arnold

_The Evening Post_, 22 February 1924:
WINTER TRAFFIC OUTLET
GISBORNE–NAPIER HIGHWAY
(BY TELEGRAPH.—PRESS ASSOCIATION.)
GISBORNE, This Day.
The Gisborne–Napier highway, upon which the Public Works Department has been concentrating its energies for the past three years, is now approaching completion, metal having been deposited along its full length. #Gisborne is thus assured of an outlet during the winter season, which it has not hitherto poss[ess]ed. The Department’h [sic] intention is to lay a bitumen surface on the road. The Chamber of Commerce is sending a message to the Hon. J. G. Coates, congratulating him on the completion of the road, and the removal of the isolation of the district.
paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/news

Black-and-white photo: Inspection of Road Construction on the Gisborne–Wairoa Highway: Passing a Workers’ Camp. 1924. Description: A downward-looking view from a hillside at a narrow road in the middle of bush. A car is parked at the side of the road, and nearby are temporary huts, possibly one at least with a canvas roof. In the distance another hillside rises up. Citation: Supplement to the Auckland Weekly News, 9 April 1925, p. 52. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections AWNS-19250409-52-03. https://kura.aucklandlibraries.govt.nz/digital/collection/photos/id/244210
#OnThisDay#OTD#PapersPast
Public
BellingenNSW

Where is the walking and cycling infrastructure ?
Let's redirect funding from roads to walking and cycling infrastructure.

"Australia spends $714 per person on roads every year – but just 90 cents goes to walking, wheeling and cycling. Unfortunately, that’s how much the Australian government has invested per person annually on walking, wheeling and cycling over the past 20 years."

"As a result of this over-investment in car road-building, Australia has the smallest number of walking trips of 15 comparable countries across Western Europe and North America. Many Australians are dependent on cars because they have no other choice in terms of transport options."

"Road use is inherently dangerous – in Australia last year, more than 1,300 people died on our roads, which is more than 25 people a week."

"The typical Australian household spends 17% of its income on transport – with car ownership making up 92.5% of that figure, compared to 7.5% on public transport."

"A major source of all emissions in Australia are from driving."

"Redirecting funding from the current road budget makes the most sense, because getting more people walking, wheeling and cycling eases pressure on the transport system (think of school holiday traffic). "

"When it comes to transport, the saying goes “we get what we build” – so if we build more roads, we get more people driving. If we build paths, we get more people walking and cycling short journeys and our roads are less congested."
>>
theconversation.com/australia-

The Australian and NSW governments are funding the $2,200,000,000 ($2.2 billion), 14-kilometre Coffs Harbour bypass project. Cars will save 12 minutes. Imagine the walking and cycling infrastructure...
pacifichighway.nsw.gov.au/site

The ConversationAustralia spends $714 per person on roads every year – but just 90 cents goes to walking, wheeling and cyclingWalking and cycling get 90c per person each year from the Australian government. What if that figure rose to $5, $10 or $15?
#MobilityDesign#cars#roads
Public
Richard Rathe

Posting this here because it appears to have been removed from the #CDC website?!?! Support #PublicHealth !!

Don’t believe #RFK & #Trump #Lies !!

===============

MMWR April 2, 1999 (edited for clarity)
These achievements are astounding and should be celebrated! 👏👍💕

Ten Great Public Health Achievements — 1900-1999

#Vaccination resulting in the eradication of smallpox; elimination of poliomyelitis in the Americas; and control of measles, rubella, tetanus, diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae Type B, and other infectious diseases in the United States and other parts of the world.

Control of Infectious Diseases resulting from #cleanwater and improved sanitation. Infections such as typhoid and cholera, a major cause of #illness and #death early in the 20th century, have been reduced dramatically. In addition, the discovery of antimicrobial therapy has been critical to successful public health efforts to control infections such as tuberculosis and sexually transmitted diseases.

Safer and Healthier #Foods have resulted from decreases in microbial contamination and increases in nutritional content. Identifying essential micronutrients and establishing food-fortification programs have almost eliminated major nutritional deficiency diseases such as rickets, goiter, and pellagra in the United States.

Healthier #Mothers and #Babies have resulted from better hygiene and #nutrition, availability of antibiotics, greater access to health care, and technologic advances in maternal and neonatal medicine. Since 1900, infant mortality has decreased 90%, and maternal mortality has decreased 99%.

#FamilyPlanning has provided health benefits such as smaller family size and longer interval between the birth of children; increased opportunities for preconceptional counseling and screening; fewer infant, child, and maternal deaths; and the use of barrier contraceptives to prevent pregnancy and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and other STDs.

Control of Risk Factors for #HeartDisease and #Stroke such as #smoking and high blood pressure. Since 1972, death rates for coronary heart disease have decreased 51%.

Recognition of #Tobacco Use as a Health Hazard; since the 1964 Surgeon General's report on the health risks of smoking, the prevalence of smoking among adults has decreased, and millions of smoking-related deaths have been prevented.

Motor-Vehicle Safety improvements have resulted from engineering efforts to make both #vehicles and #highways safer and from successful efforts to change personal behavior (e.g., increased use of safety belts, child safety seats, and motorcycle helmets and decreased drinking and driving).

Safer #Workplaces work-related health problems, such as coal workers' pneumoconiosis (black lung), and silicosis (common at the beginning of the century) have come under better control. Severe injuries and deaths related to mining, manufacturing, construction, and transportation have also decreased. Since 1980, safer workplaces have resulted in a reduction of approximately 40% in the rate of fatal occupational injuries.

#Fluoridation of Drinking Water began in 1945 and in 1999 reaches an estimated 144 million persons in the United States. It safely and inexpensively benefits both children and adults by effectively preventing tooth decay, regardless of socioeconomic status or access to care.

Public
Eugene Alvin Villar 🇵🇭

“Looking at dollars and cents, highways are a poor economic investment. They occupy nearly 25% of U.S. urban land—an area equivalent to West Virginia and valued at $4.1 trillion—yet their supposed benefits don’t justify these enormous costs.”

fastcompany.com/91247927/its-t

Fast Company · It's time to start removing highways. For real this timeRemoving highways can breath new life into cities—so why are cities so slow to actually do it?
#WarOnCars#highways#urbanism
Public *
BellingenNSW

Tangled up in oil in Petrotopia

Imagine life on an Island that has to import 91% of fuel from overseas.
And the entire matrix of the place has been set up for oil dependency a century ago.

Without a car there is no mobility (in Petrotopia)
Without a car one can't get stuff (made /transported by fossil fuels)
Without a car one can't get to work or other places
Without a car one can't drop off the kids
Without a car one can't empty the dogs
Without a car one can't go for a walk
Without a car /mower one can't do the endless lawns
Without a car/ boat/ plane one can't re-create or have a holiday

Australia is reliant on imports for around 91% of fuel consumption.
australiainstitute.org.au/post

Bondre, N. (2023). Petromobility and Energy Coloniality in Puerto Rico: Reading Luis Rafael Sánchez’s La Guaracha Del Macho Camacho. Green Letters, 27(2), 219–238. doi.org/10.1080/14688417.2023.
#energy #FossilFuels #cars #oil #petroleum #fuel #mobility modernity #dependency #EnergyDependency #Australia #islands #infrastructure #automobility #roads #malls #highways #Petrotopia #PetroMelancholia #CarDependency #MobilityDesign #ClimateBreakdown #transformation #societies

The Australia Institute · Australia 91% reliant on foreign oil: Research ReportA new research report by The Australia Institute has revealed the country has only increased its reliance on imported transport fuels since the federal
Public
AI6YR Ben

Yale Climate Connections: Why widening highways doesn’t reduce traffic congestion

It has to do with a phenomenon called induced demand.

"...Highway widening is kind of like putting travel on sale. It attempts to reduce congestion by expanding the amount of roadway supply, reducing the time cost of travel for travelers using it....We rearrange our travel patterns because of highway expansions, and the new driving that results is what we call induced travel. And research has shown that because of induced travel, congestion returns to previous levels about five to 10 years after the highway is widened."

yaleclimateconnections.org/202 #travel #highways #traffic #ClimateEmergency #emissions

Yale Climate Connections · Why widening highways doesn’t reduce traffic congestionBy Sarah Wesseler
Public *
DoomsdaysCW

Workshop in #ScarboroughMaine Wednesday, September 18th

Community group opposing #GorhamConnector discusses alternatives

A coalition run by volunteers, #MainersForSmarterTransportation , held a community forum about the Gorham Connector, with all present opposing it.

"Offering alternatives to the connector, Gorham resident Tina Ruel talked about traveling this summer in Switzerland and France and riding aboard electric trams on tracks and buses. 'Building more roads and widening roads is no longer the answer,' Ruel said in a printed statement to the American Journal."

by Robert Lowell, September 12, 2024

"Opponents of the proposed #MaineTurnpike toll connector to Gorham spoke out last week in a community forum held in Westbrook.

"A grassroots coalition, Mainers for Smarter Transportation, organized the meeting. It has more than 11,000 signatures on a petition to halt the connector, according to its website m4st.org.

"#SmarterTransportation volunteer Myles Smith of Portland said the connector could cost upward of $400 to $500 million and quality of life suffers when new roads are constructed. '#Highways often lead to #sprawl, Smith said.

"Two ways to solve transportation problems, Paul Drinan, who is a member of Westbrook Recreation and #Conservation Commission, said, are #RapidTransit and active transportation such as #bicycling and #ElectricScooters.

The proposed 4.8-mile connector would link the Bernard Rines Bypass in Gorham to Turnpike Exit 45 in South Portland. It is aimed at easing bumper-to-bumper, rush-hour congestion in the routes 22 and 114 commuter corridor through #GorhamMaine, #ScarboroughMaine and #WestbrookMaine. The connector alignment would cut a 50-acre swath through historic #SmilingHillFarm.

"Retired Gorham tax assessor Mike D’Arcangelo said Maine is a tourist mecca and the state’s beauty needs protection. 'Are we going to put in a forever, four-lane highway?' he said.

"The Scarborough Town Council will discuss the Gorham connector in a workshop scheduled for 5:30 to 7 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 18, at the Scarborough Municipal Building, 259 Route 1."

Original article:
pressherald.com/2024/09/12/com

Archive:
archive.md/CrtWs

#InducedDemand #Sprawl #SaveRedBrook #SaveSmilingHillFarm #GorhamConnector #GorhamBypass
#Maine #RapidTransit #LightRail #SaveTheFarms #SaveTheForest #Wildlife #LightRail #HuskyLine #RapidBusTransit #BikeLanes #MainersForSmarterTransportation #MaineTurnpikeAuthority

Press Herald · Community group opposing Gorham Connector discusses alternativesA coalition run by volunteers, Mainers for Smarter Transportation, held a community forum about the Gorham Connector, with all present opposing it.
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